books written on the basis of realities are valuable to most people.
第二句句子的主語是a less complicated social environment,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式helps. 因此,原句的正確表達(dá)為:A less complicated social environment is the most agreeable condition that helps maintain the simplicity of children’s mental world.
我們?cè)賮砜匆韵戮渥樱?/p>
The number of students who walk to school has been significantly increased.
A large number of advertisers are filling commercials with appealing visual effects so as to spark consumers’ desires to buy such targeted products.
在托福獨(dú)立寫作中,the number of和a large number of是考生經(jīng)常使用的兩個(gè)短語,前者表示“…的數(shù)量”,后者表示“大量的”。第 一句句子中的主語是the number of students,“學(xué)生的數(shù)量”是單數(shù)的,所以謂語應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式has,而不是have. 又如:There has been a sharp increase in the number of Internet users since last year. 第二句句子中的主語是a large number of advertisers,“大量的廣告商”是復(fù)數(shù)的,所以謂語應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式are,而不是is.
托福獨(dú)立寫作詞匯錯(cuò)誤:謂語動(dòng)詞的表現(xiàn)形式
我們來看以下句子:
Most students like to watch TV cannot finish their homework in time.
Children who find passion in sports holding on to this passion throughout life, which leads to a healthier and more successful future.
第 一句句子中l(wèi)ike to watch TV和cannot finish their homework in time都是謂語動(dòng)詞,一般而言,兩個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞需要用連詞(如and或but)進(jìn)行連接,或者可以將like to watch TV變?yōu)閺木洌纾篗ost students who like to watch TV cannot finish their homework in time(定語從句).
第二句句子沒有謂語。句子中who find passion in sports是修飾children的“定語從句”,which leads to a healthier and more successful future是以which為引導(dǎo)的“非限定性定語從句”。整句句子的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是hold,而不應(yīng)該使用非謂語形式(holding)。在托福獨(dú)立寫作中,尤其要注意there be句型中“謂語的表現(xiàn)形式”,如:
There are a great variety of articles and topics accurately reflect the diversity of users’ interest.
因?yàn)閠here be句型中的be本身就是謂語成分,所以不能使用reflect,而應(yīng)改為:There are a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the diversity of users’ interest(定語從句);或There are a great variety of articles and topics accurately reflecting the diversity of users’ interest(非謂語結(jié)構(gòu))。
Many children can avoid their most disliked courses if they are given the opportunity to choose.
Because the content of an e-book is delivered electronically to their devices, students can shop for e-books and receive them almost immediately, any time of the day or night.
Modern citizens are faced unprecedented psychological pressure when they are heavily loaded with mountains of information from the network of mass media.
從句中,they (指現(xiàn)代公民,modern citizens)和滿載著大量信息(load with mountains of information)是“被動(dòng)”的關(guān)系,而他們和面臨空前的心理壓力(face unprecedented psychological pressure)是“主動(dòng)”的關(guān)系,所以原句應(yīng)該改為:Modern citizens are facing unprecedented psychological pressure when they are heavily loaded with mountains of information from the network of mass media.
在托福獨(dú)立寫作中,face是考生經(jīng)常需要使用到的單詞,解釋為“面臨、直面”,face也是一個(gè)很難正確使用的單詞。當(dāng)要表達(dá)“他面臨著很多生意上的麻煩”意思的時(shí)候,考生可以使用He is facing many business troubles. 或者He is faced with many business troubles. 因?yàn)閒ace往往用于“主動(dòng)語態(tài)”,而be faced with用于“被動(dòng)語態(tài)”,又如:
When facing overwhelming challenges, each individual should be well equipped with a vast range of knowledge and a broadened mind.
When they are faced with the increasingly powerful domination of money, people ought to take precautions as early as possible so as not to become slaves of wealth.